{"id":3284,"date":"2022-04-10T17:37:32","date_gmt":"2022-04-10T13:07:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wikimahdaviat.ir\/?post_type=content&#038;p=3284"},"modified":"2023-08-24T18:32:06","modified_gmt":"2023-08-24T14:02:06","slug":"%d8%ac%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d9%8a%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d9%81%d9%8a%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%88-%d9%85%d9%87%d8%af%d9%8a-%d8%a5%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%b2%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86","status":"publish","type":"content","link":"https:\/\/wikimahdaviat.ir\/ar\/\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b4%d8%b1%d9%82%d9%88%d9%86\/%d8%ac%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d9%8a%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d9%81%d9%8a%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%88-%d9%85%d9%87%d8%af%d9%8a-%d8%a5%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%b2%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"\u062c\u0627\u0646_\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0631_\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648_1\">\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648<\/h1>\n<p><em>\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648<\/em>\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 <em>\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"content-index-embed\">\n<div class=\"bonyadwiki-title style-3\">\n<div class=\"title-text\">\n<div class=\"text\">\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649.<\/div>\n<div class=\"title\">\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-index-list\">\n<nav>\n<ul class=\"content-index-list\">\n<li><a class=\"index-link\" href=\"#\u062c\u0627\u0646_\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0631_\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648_1\"><span class=\"title\">\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648<\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-on\">\n<li><a class=\"index-link\" href=\"#\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629_2\"><span class=\"number\">1-<\/span><span class=\"title\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"index-link\" href=\"#\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629_\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629_3\"><span class=\"number\">2-<\/span><span class=\"title\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"index-link\" href=\"#\u062a\u0623\u0644\u06cc\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647_4\"><span class=\"number\">3-<\/span><span class=\"title\">\u062a\u0623\u0644\u06cc\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"index-link\" href=\"#\u0627\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644_\u0648\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621_\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648_5\"><span class=\"number\">4-<\/span><span class=\"title\">\u0627\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648<\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-on\">\n<li><a class=\"index-link\" href=\"#\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629_\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648_\u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645_\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627_\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629_6\"><span class=\"number\">4-1-<\/span><span class=\"title\">\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"index-link\" href=\"#\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0635_\u0641\u064a_\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646_\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631_\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629_7\"><span class=\"number\">4-2-<\/span><span class=\"title\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"index-link\" href=\"#\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629_\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629_\u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645_8\"><span class=\"number\">4-3-<\/span><span class=\"title\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"index-link\" href=\"#\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0630\u0648\u0646__\u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0646_\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0630\u06cc\u0646_\u0627\u062e\u0631_\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646_\u0641\u064a_\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645_9\"><span class=\"number\">4-4-<\/span><span class=\"title\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0630\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0646 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class=\"number\">4-6-<\/span><span class=\"title\">\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"index-link\" href=\"#\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a_\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0630_\u0641\u064a_\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e_\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645_12\"><span class=\"number\">4-7-<\/span><span class=\"title\">\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"index-link\" href=\"#\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a_\u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u0629_\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a_\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629_13\"><span class=\"number\">4-8-<\/span><span class=\"title\">\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"index-link\" href=\"#\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a_\u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b_\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a_\u0639\u0646\u062f_\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629_14\"><span class=\"number\">4-9-<\/span><span class=\"title\">\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a class=\"index-link\" href=\"#\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629_\u0648\u0646\u0642\u062f_\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631_\u0648\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631_\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648_15\"><span class=\"number\">5-<\/span><span class=\"title\">\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"index-link\" href=\"#\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634_16\"><span class=\"number\">6-<\/span><span class=\"title\">\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"index-link\" href=\"#\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639_17\"><span class=\"number\">7-<\/span><span class=\"title\">\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"index-link\" href=\"#\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0637\u0641\u0627\u062a_\u0645\u0646_18\"><span class=\"number\">8-<\/span><span class=\"title\">\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0637\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/nav>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"empty-space rem3\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"wiki-main-text\">\n<h2 id=\"\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629_2\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648 (\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1961 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633) \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631. \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633<a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"1\" id=\"reflink-1\" href=\"#refnote-1\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[1]<\/a> \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1981 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 1968 <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"2\" id=\"reflink-2\" href=\"#refnote-2\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[2]<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1985 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629. .<a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"3\" id=\"reflink-3\" href=\"#refnote-3\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[3]<\/a><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629_\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629_3\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 2009\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637. .<a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"4\" id=\"reflink-4\" href=\"#refnote-4\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[4]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 Filio \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2007 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f Poe \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2006. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633<a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"5\" id=\"reflink-5\" href=\"#refnote-5\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[5]<\/a> \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b (\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c<a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"6\" id=\"reflink-6\" href=\"#refnote-6\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[6]<\/a> \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0631\u063a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"\u062a\u0623\u0644\u06cc\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647_4\">\u062a\u0623\u0644\u06cc\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647<\/h2>\n<p>\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064b\u060c<a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"7\" id=\"reflink-7\" href=\"#refnote-7\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[7]<\/a> \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f. <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"8\" id=\"reflink-8\" href=\"#refnote-8\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[8]<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645. <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"9\" id=\"reflink-9\" href=\"#refnote-9\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[9]<\/a>\u061b<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629. <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"10\" id=\"reflink-10\" href=\"#refnote-10\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[10]<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629. <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"11\" id=\"reflink-11\" href=\"#refnote-11\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[11]<\/a>\u061b<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0628.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629. <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"12\" id=\"reflink-12\" href=\"#refnote-12\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[12]<\/a>\u061b<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642: \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0646\u0627. <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"13\" id=\"reflink-13\" href=\"#refnote-13\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[13]<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646: \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629. <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"14\" id=\"reflink-14\" href=\"#refnote-14\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[14]<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0647\u0631\u0645\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0646: \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0627. <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"15\" id=\"reflink-15\" href=\"#refnote-15\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[15]<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0634. <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"16\" id=\"reflink-16\" href=\"#refnote-16\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[16]<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629. <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"17\" id=\"reflink-17\" href=\"#refnote-17\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[17]<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0627. <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"18\" id=\"reflink-18\" href=\"#refnote-18\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[18]<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 id=\"\u0627\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644_\u0648\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621_\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648_5\">\u0627\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648<\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629_\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648_\u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645_\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627_\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629_6\">\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648\u060c \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645. .<a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"19\" id=\"reflink-19\" href=\"#refnote-19\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[19]<\/a><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0635_\u0641\u064a_\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646_\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631_\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629_7\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u061b \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u0629. <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"20\" id=\"reflink-20\" href=\"#refnote-20\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[20]<\/a> \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0630\u00bb\u060c \u062c\u0646\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a - \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0647\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a.\u00ab \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u00bb.<a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"21\" id=\"reflink-21\" href=\"#refnote-21\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[21]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629_\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629_\u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645_8\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u00ab\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u00bb \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \"\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629. <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"22\" id=\"reflink-22\" href=\"#refnote-22\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[22]<\/a><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0630\u0648\u0646__\u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0646_\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0630\u06cc\u0646_\u0627\u062e\u0631_\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646_\u0641\u064a_\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645_9\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0630\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0630\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u06cc \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0644\u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645. <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"23\" id=\"reflink-23\" href=\"#refnote-23\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[23]<\/a> \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a (\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 )\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645. <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"24\" id=\"reflink-24\" href=\"#refnote-24\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[24]<\/a><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629_\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0629_\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629_\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645_\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629_10\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0630\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e. <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"25\" id=\"reflink-25\" href=\"#refnote-25\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[25]<\/a> \u064a\u0642\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0635\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"26\" id=\"reflink-26\" href=\"#refnote-26\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[26]<\/a>\u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629_\u0646\u0638\u0631_\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629_\u0645\u0646_\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629_\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645_\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629_11\">\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u06cc(\u0639) \u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631. <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"27\" id=\"reflink-27\" href=\"#refnote-27\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[27]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f. <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"28\" id=\"reflink-28\" href=\"#refnote-28\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[28]<\/a> \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0645. <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"29\" id=\"reflink-29\" href=\"#refnote-29\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[29]<\/a> \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0634\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645. <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"30\" id=\"reflink-30\" href=\"#refnote-30\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[30]<\/a><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a_\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0630_\u0641\u064a_\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e_\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645_12\">\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0630\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0637\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631) <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"31\" id=\"reflink-31\" href=\"#refnote-31\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[31]<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0628\u062e\u0634\u064a\u0629\u060c<a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"32\" id=\"reflink-32\" href=\"#refnote-32\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[32]<\/a> \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0637\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a<a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"33\" id=\"reflink-33\" href=\"#refnote-33\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[33]<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0621. <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"34\" id=\"reflink-34\" href=\"#refnote-34\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[34]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a_\u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u0629_\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a_\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629_13\">\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a 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class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"37\" id=\"reflink-37\" href=\"#refnote-37\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[37]<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0634\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u00bb\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u063a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a<a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"38\" id=\"reflink-38\" href=\"#refnote-38\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[38]<\/a>. .<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a_\u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b_\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a_\u0639\u0646\u062f_\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629_14\">\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 1979 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u0634\u0631\u062e\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645. \u0644\u0623\u0646 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data-ref-num=\"40\" id=\"reflink-40\" href=\"#refnote-40\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[40]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u062b\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 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\u0623\u0648\u00ab \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u064a \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0626\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u00bb<a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"42\" id=\"reflink-42\" href=\"#refnote-42\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[42]<\/a>, \u0623\u0648 \u00ab\u06cc\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646, (\u0639) \u00bb\u060c \u0623\u0648\u00ab\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a 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data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[47]<\/a> \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645. <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"48\" id=\"reflink-48\" href=\"#refnote-48\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[48]<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629: \u064a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u064a \u064a\u062e\u0634\u0649 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u063a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0631. <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"49\" id=\"reflink-49\" href=\"#refnote-49\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[49]<\/a> \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647. \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u0628\u0631\u06cc <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"50\" id=\"reflink-50\" href=\"#refnote-50\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[50]<\/a>\u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u0646<a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"51\" id=\"reflink-51\" href=\"#refnote-51\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[51]<\/a> \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629. \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u062c\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629: \u064a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0630\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0644\u0648\u064a. \u0648\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0647: \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627. <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"52\" id=\"reflink-52\" href=\"#refnote-52\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[52]<\/a> \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u061b \u0644\u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0626\u0645\u0629. <a class=\"gt-ref-tooltip ref-notes\" data-ref-num=\"53\" id=\"reflink-53\" href=\"#refnote-53\" data-toggle=\"tooltip\" data-placement=\"bottom\" title=\"\">[53]<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 id=\"\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634_16\">\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634<\/h2>\n<ol class=\"note-list\">\n<li id=\"refnote-1\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-1\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Institut d'\u00e9tudes Politiques de Paris.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-2\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-2\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Mai 68 \u00e0 l'ORTF: Une Radio-T\u00e9l\u00e9vision en r\u00e9sistance.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-3\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-3\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>http: \/\/spire.sciencespo.fr\/hdl: \/ 2441 \/eu 4 vqp 9 ompqllr 09 ice 29 ac 9 n.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-4\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-4\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>White Book for Defense and National Security.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-5\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-5\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Paris des Affaires Internationales (PSIA).<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-6\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-6\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Centre D'\u00e9tudes et de Recherches Internationales (CERI).<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-7\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-7\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>https: \/\/www.fnac.com\/Jean-Pierre-Filiu\/ia 583166.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-8\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-8\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Jean-Pierre Filiu; Les fronti\u00e8res du jihad; Paris: Fayard; 2006 (First Edition Barcelone, 1984).<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-9\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-9\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Idem, L\u2019apocalypse dans l\u2019islam; Paris: Fayard, 2008.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-10\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-10\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Idem, La R\u00e9volution Arabe: Dix le\u00e7ons Sur Le Soul\u00e8vement D\u00e9mocratique; Paris: Fayard, 2011.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-11\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-11\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Idem, Le nouveau Moyen-Orient: les peuples \u00e0 l\u2019heure de la R\u00e9volution syrienne; Paris: Fayard, 2013.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-12\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-12\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Idem, From deep state to islamic state; Hurst (London) and Oxford University Press (New York), 2015.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-13\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-13\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Idem, Le Miroir de Damas; Paris: La D\u00e9couverte, 2017.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-14\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-14\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Idem, G\u00e9n\u00e9raux, gangsters et jihadistes: histoire de la contre-r\u00e9volution arabe; Paris: La D\u00e9couverte, 2018.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-15\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-15\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Idem, \"Armagueddon: L\u2019Apocalypse en miroirs\", in: La pens\u00e9e de midi; 26.4 (2008): 31-35.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-16\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-16\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Idem, \"Gaza w centrum kwestii Palesty\u0144skiej: Sumienie Swiata\", Trans. Ewa Cylwik; Monde Diplomatique: Miesiecznik Spoleczno-Polityczny; 2012 (2012): 24-25.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-17\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-17\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Idem, \"The Return of Political Mahdism\", in: Current Trends in Islamist Ideology; 8 (2009): 26-38.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-18\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-18\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Idem, \"L\u2019Etat Islamique ou Les Chevaliers de L\u2019apocalypse Djihadiste\", Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nouvelobs.com\/rue89\/rue89-rock-the-casbah\/20140829.RUE0592\/letat-\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https: \/\/www.nouvelobs.com\/rue 89 \/rue 89-rock-the-casbah\/ 20140829.RUE 0592 \/letat-<\/a> islamique-ou-les-chevaliers-de-l-apocalypse-djihadiste.html, 2014.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-19\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-19\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Ibid, p. 3.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-20\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-20\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Idem, Apocalypse in Islam; p. xxi.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-21\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-21\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Ibid, p. xxi.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-22\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-22\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Ibid, p. xi.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-23\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-23\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Ibid, p. 197.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-24\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-24\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Idem; \"The Return of Political Mahdism\"; p. 27.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-25\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-25\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Ibid, p. 163.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-26\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-26\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Ibid, p. 47.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-27\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-27\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Ibid, p. 25.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-28\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-28\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Idem; \"The Return of Political Mahdism\"; p. 28.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-29\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-29\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Idem, Apocalypse in Islam; p. 25.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-30\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-30\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Ibid, p. 141.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-31\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-31\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Ibid, p. 49-53.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-32\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-32\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Ibid, p. 56-57.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-33\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-33\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Ibid, p. 59-62.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-34\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-34\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Ibid, p. 71.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-35\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-35\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Ibid, p. 79.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-36\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-36\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Ibid, p. 193.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-37\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-37\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\" \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0641\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0634\u061b \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0634\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627..<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-38\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-38\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Global Jihad.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-39\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-39\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Idem, \"The Return of Political Mahdism\"; p. 27.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-40\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-40\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Idem, Apocalypse in Islam; p. 20-49.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-41\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-41\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Ibid, p. 73.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-42\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-42\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Ibid, p. 151.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-43\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-43\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Idem, \"The Return of Political Mahdism\"; p. 31.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-44\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-44\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>\u062c\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u061b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0644\u063a\u06cc\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0639\u0634\u0631(\u0639)\u061b \u0635 198.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-45\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-45\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0639\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u06cc\u0639\u0647: \u0635 582-583.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-46\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-46\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>\u0645\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0622\u063a\u0627\u064a \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u061b \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628: \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631(\u0639)\u061b \u0635 344.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-47\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-47\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>\u0633\u064a\u062f\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0649\u061b \u0623\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u06cc\u0639\u0647\u061b \u062c 9\u060c \u0635 416.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-48\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-48\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645(\u0639) \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 (\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0639\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u061b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629: \u0635 407).<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-49\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-49\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>Jean-Pierre Filiu, Apocalypse in Islam; p. 79.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-50\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-50\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>\u0648\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0645\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0622\u063a\u0627\u064a \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646. \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628: \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 7\u061b \u0635 322 \u2013 339.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-51\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-51\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0628\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639\u060c \u00ab\u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0626\u06cc\u0629\u00bb \u0635 86-95.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-52\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-52\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0651\u0644\u0647 \u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0649\u061b \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u0641\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u061b \u062c 18\u060c \u0635 195 196.<\/li>\n<li id=\"refnote-53\"><span class=\"ref-backlinks\"><a class=\"ref-backlink\" title=\"\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\" href=\"#reflink-53\">\u2191<\/a><\/span>\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u06cc\u062b: \u00ab... \u0648\u064e\u0623\u064e\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062d\u064e\u0648\u064e\u0627\u062f\u0650\u062b\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0642\u0650\u0639\u064e\u0629\u064f \u0641\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0652\u062c\u0650\u0639\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u0650\u064a\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0631\u064f\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0629\u0650 \u062d\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u062b\u0650\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0641\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u062d\u064f\u062c\u062a\u0650\u0649 \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0648\u064e\u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u062d\u064f\u062c\u0629\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0651\u0644\u0647\u0650 \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0647\u0650\u0645\u00bb (\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647\u061b \u06a9\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0648 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0647\u061b \u062c 2\u060c \u0635 484).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 class=\"res-list\" id=\"\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639_17\">\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646. \u0623\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629 11 \u062c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 1403 \u0647\u0640.<\/li>\n<li>\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u063a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645\u0627. \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628: \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631. \u0642\u0645: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631\u060c 2004.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0639\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629: . \u0642\u0645: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0649 1423 \u0647\u0640.<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0633\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 7\u061b \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062a\u0642\u064a \u0622\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c 2006.<\/li>\n<li>\u062f\u0647\u0642\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0632\u0647\u064a\u0631 (1398). \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0645\u060c \u062d\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0635 33-101.<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u0627\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0628\u0648\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0648 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639. \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u00bb. \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b. ^ Sh 33\u060c \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621 2012\u060c \u0635.85-98.<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u064a\u0631\u061b \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645. \u0639\u0628\u0631. M. B. DeBevoise\u061b \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0644\u064a: \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c 2011.<\/li>\n<li>__________\u061b \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u064a\u0631\u0633\u062a (\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646) \u0648\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f (\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643)\u060c 2015.<\/li>\n<li>__________\u061b \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645. \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633: \u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c 2008.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 id=\"\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0637\u0641\u0627\u062a_\u0645\u0646_18\">\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0637\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0632\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u0642\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648 (\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1961 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633) \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631. \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1981 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 1968 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1985 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629. .<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3284","content","type-content","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","content_tag-529","content_tag-527","content_letter-456","content_category-520"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wikimahdaviat.ir\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/content\/3284","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wikimahdaviat.ir\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/content"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wikimahdaviat.ir\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/content"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wikimahdaviat.ir\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wikimahdaviat.ir\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3284"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/wikimahdaviat.ir\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/content\/3284\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wikimahdaviat.ir\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3284"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}